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How Candles are Made Candle making is an age-old craft that dates all the way back to several thousand years B.C. with the first wicked candles credited to the Romans, who made them by dipping papyrus in tallow (the rendered fat from a cow or sheep) or beeswax. Today, the process for making handmade candles isn't all that different than what the Romans and Egyptians were doing thousands of years ago, though some of the materials have certainly changed.
Making a candle the old-fashioned way begins with the wick, which is generally a braided piece of cotton but could be made of other natural materials. The wick is treated with a salt solution or other chemical so it doesn't burn too fast and so it burns at a proper angle.
If the candle maker is crafting taper candles, he begins with a process of dipping the wick in his chosen mixture of wax again and again until it becomes the desired width. Most candle makers dip until a thin layer of wax has accrued, and then they let the candle dry and dip it again. After it's finished to the candle makers liking, the candles are hung to dry or placed on a drying rack so that they can dry completely before being sold or used. In the U.S., many Colonial towns – like Williamsburg, VA – boast candle makers that are proud to demonstrate this dip method to visitors.
Making container candles is much easier and less time consuming than making tapers. Crafters begin by setting the wick in the desired heated jar or other container and simply pour in the melted wax, which has been scented or colored. The wick is then secured on top so it doesn't move and the candles are left to harden.
If making candles doesn't interest you, however, you can certainly enjoy buying them at your favorite store. The mass production of candles began in 1834 with a machine invented by Mr. Joseph Morgan. Today, of course, candle making machinery is much more sophisticated though the overall technique hasn't changed much.
There are several factories in the United States that mass produce candles for all their customers that collectively buy millions of candles of all sizes each year. As a matter of fact, candle sales in the U.S. are estimated at $2 billion annually, and that probably doesn't count the little, independent candle makers in towns across the country.
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